{
  "name": "Cost of War",
  "description": "A transparent, illustrative real-time counter of estimated Russia-Ukraine war military expenditure based on annual SIPRI-style figures, with methodology, sources and machine-readable data.",
  "url": "https://costofwar.net",
  "generatedAt": "2026-07-07T14:30:59.184Z",
  "methodology": {
    "warStartAnchor": "2022-02-24T00:00:00Z",
    "summary": "Cumulative-since-invasion is calculated as completed active-year portions plus the current year annual figure multiplied by elapsed-year fraction. It is illustrative, not a live feed.",
    "caveats": [
      "Military expenditure is not identical to the marginal cost of the war.",
      "Ukraine own spending and Western aid commitments are separate categories.",
      "2026 values marked as projection should be replaced when annual source data is available.",
      "Currency conversion is display-only and not purchasing-power-adjusted."
    ]
  },
  "annualSpendSeries": {
    "russia": {
      "key": "russia",
      "label": "Russia",
      "description": "Estimated military expenditure by Russia, not a direct accounting of battlefield costs.",
      "entries": [
        {
          "year": 2022,
          "valueUSD": 104403000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI data table mirror for 2020-2025 country rows",
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_military_expenditure#2020%E2%80%932025"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "year": 2023,
          "valueUSD": 109204000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI data table mirror for 2020-2025 country rows",
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_military_expenditure#2020%E2%80%932025"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "year": 2024,
          "valueUSD": 149402000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, current US dollars",
            "url": "https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "year": 2025,
          "valueUSD": 190417000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, current US dollars",
            "url": "https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "estimate",
          "note": "SIPRI estimate; reported as roughly 7.5% of GDP."
        },
        {
          "year": 2026,
          "valueUSD": 186250000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "2026 planning note based on Russia's federal defence allocation context",
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_budget_of_Russia"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-06-30",
          "status": "projection",
          "note": "Planning placeholder from roughly 14.9 trillion roubles at the display-only RUB/USD rate. Replace with SIPRI when 2026 data is released."
        }
      ]
    },
    "ukraine": {
      "key": "ukraine",
      "label": "Ukraine",
      "description": "Ukraine's own military expenditure; foreign aid is shown separately to avoid double-counting.",
      "entries": [
        {
          "year": 2022,
          "valueUSD": 41538000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI data table mirror for 2020-2025 country rows",
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_military_expenditure#2020%E2%80%932025"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "reported"
        },
        {
          "year": 2023,
          "valueUSD": 65297000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI data table mirror for 2020-2025 country rows",
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_military_expenditure#2020%E2%80%932025"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "reported"
        },
        {
          "year": 2024,
          "valueUSD": 64768000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, current US dollars",
            "url": "https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "reported"
        },
        {
          "year": 2025,
          "valueUSD": 84109000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, current US dollars",
            "url": "https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-04-27",
          "status": "reported",
          "note": "SIPRI reports Ukraine's military burden near 40% of GDP."
        },
        {
          "year": 2026,
          "valueUSD": 120000000000,
          "source": {
            "name": "Ukraine 2026 defence budget reporting, converted from hryvnia/euro planning figure",
            "url": "https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2026/06/15/ukraine-announces-new-measures-to-address-army-staffing-crisis_6754497_4.html"
          },
          "asOf": "2026-06-15",
          "status": "projection",
          "note": "Planning figure reported for Ukraine's revised 2026 defence spending; replace with SIPRI when official annual data is available."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "westernAidContext": {
    "label": "Western aid commitments to Ukraine",
    "valueEUR": 270000000000,
    "militaryAidEUR": 120000000000,
    "asOf": "2026-06-30",
    "source": {
      "name": "Kiel Institute Ukraine Support Tracker, cumulative commitments context",
      "url": "https://www.ifw-kiel.de/topics/war-against-ukraine/ukraine-support-tracker/"
    },
    "note": "Shown as a separate stock of commitments, not a per-second flow and not included in Ukraine's own military expenditure."
  },
  "displayRates": {
    "base": "USD",
    "rates": {
      "USD": 1,
      "EUR": 0.92,
      "RUB": 80
    },
    "asOf": "2026-06-30",
    "note": "Fixed nominal rates for display only. They are not purchasing-power-adjusted and will not match official rouble budget presentations."
  },
  "benchmarks": [
    {
      "label": "children immunised through Gavi's 2026-2030 plan",
      "unitCostUSD": 23.8,
      "source": {
        "name": "Gavi Investment Opportunity 2026-2030: US$11.9B target to protect 500M children",
        "url": "https://www.gavi.org/investing-gavi/resource-mobilisation-process/protecting-our-future"
      },
      "asOf": "2026-06-03",
      "icon": "vaccine",
      "note": "Derived display estimate: US$11.9B divided by 500M children."
    },
    {
      "label": "three-year Global Fund replenishment targets",
      "unitCostUSD": 18000000000,
      "source": {
        "name": "Global Fund eighth replenishment target, 2026-2028",
        "url": "https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/"
      },
      "asOf": "2025-11-22",
      "icon": "health",
      "note": "Uses the public US$18B target for the 2026-2028 cycle."
    },
    {
      "label": "years of WFP-supported school meals reach",
      "unitCostUSD": 966000000,
      "source": {
        "name": "World Food Programme school meals: 19.3M children directly supported in 2025",
        "url": "https://www.wfp.org/school-meals"
      },
      "asOf": "2026-06-30",
      "icon": "meal",
      "note": "Illustrative unit derived at US$50 per child-year from WFP school feeding cost context times 19.3M children directly supported."
    },
    {
      "label": "Gavi five-year strategic cycles",
      "unitCostUSD": 11900000000,
      "source": {
        "name": "Gavi 2026-2030 target budget",
        "url": "https://www.gavi.org/investing-gavi/resource-mobilisation-process/protecting-our-future"
      },
      "asOf": "2026-06-03",
      "icon": "shield"
    }
  ]
}